The hawthorn shieldbug (Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale), a true bug. One of the most beautiful bugs I've come across. And quite impressive too. This one was 16 mm long.
Is the principle >> bright colors = aggressiveness << applicable to bugs ? You mentioned that they're harmless (for human beings I guess), but, considering the picture on the right side, the red spots seem to be its eyes, making the bug's head bigger than it really is... unless it's a seduction tactic
"Aggressive" is probably the wrong word. You are right in that bright colours (combinations of red or yellow with black, in particular) are often interpreted as a form of warning coloration that suggest danger. It doesn't necessarily mean that the animal really is dangerous or unpalatable, though. Snakes is an example - there are brightly coloured poisonous ones, and unpoisonous ones that look similar. Wasps and bees are well-protected by their ability to sting, but hoverflies that can't sting might look quite similar. Often it is just "pretending".
This particular species is phytophagous, it sucks on plants and fruits in particular. I guess they might be able to defend themselves against other insects by using their defensive secret (which causes the stink bugs are known for), but how well I don't know. I haven't read anything about their colouration in particular.
Their colour in particular! The rest of the pronotum is coloured very differently.
And these bugs are quite large, too! I wish I'd find another one of these.
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